Cool NUCLEUS 3D Medical Animation
Health of medical health of community of 1. our country serves the problem that development state of affairs exists namely
For convenient masses go to a doctor, solve " it is difficult to see a doctor, see a doctor expensive " problem, 1997, the Party Central Committee, the State Council puts forward clearly to want to develop community sanitation actively to serve a cause. To 2005, our country is large and medium-sized the city is formed basically already give priority to with wholesome service center, wholesome service station is complementary, medical health clinic, infirmary is additional community sanitation serves a system. At present the whole nation already installed 3 400 of wholesome service center many, wholesome service station is close 12000, the amount of orgnaization of service of community medical health is much, network distribution is equitable also, but its effect is done not have beforehand the dweller of expect " a serious illness goes hospital, ailment arrives community " .
Medical health of our country community serves an orgnaization to be given priority to with public orgnaization, it is the transition of the orgnaization of basic level sanitation that most government holds above all; 2 be a few enterprise or business of the wholesome orgnaization function that the unit conducts extend; 3 be a few governments 2, of business of 3 class hospital outspread. Multiform community sanitation serves an orgnaization to call service station of community sanitation service center or community sanitation normally, offer medical health, precaution, health care, rehabilitation, healthy education and family planning instructor to community dweller the omnibus wholesome service of 6 an organic whole. But actually most community sanitation serves an orgnaization to basically be given priority to with medical health service, offerred service is common disease, frequently-occurring disease only diagnose and treat, of other function begin still put in bigger difference.
The program that community sanitation serves and raise fund have not form the community sanitation that has legal effectiveness to serve program system, some areas although formulate area sanitation of place plans, but also cannot get carry out effectively. Accordingly, community sanitation serves an orgnaization to remain piece break up, subordinating relation is differ, form the administrative system of uniform standard hard. Its basically have the following ways for just raising fund:
It is local finance investment or social force investment; 2 it is paid wholesome service collects fees; 3 it is income of price difference of medicals and chemical reagents. The service needs to raise fund just to basically have two each channel; It is to enjoy it is safe and medical health at public expenses, OK to often ensure medical health or town worker medical health the part that submit an expense account; 2 it is the individual pays fee. Current, the country has not built the standardization that community sanitation serves to throw a mechanism, the devoted amount that each district serves to community sanitation is insufficient, optional sex is big. In addition, medical health is sure to enclothe rate is inferior, some community sanitation serves to did not bring into category of medical health insurance. Accordingly, community sanitation service raises fund ability is very limited.
But the problem that because itself of community medical establishment is in,exists in development process, make more townsman still are seek far and neglect what lies close at hand, ailment of a serious illness enters a hospital, common disease has only into drug-store very few one part person serves a point into sanitation, large and medium-sized the hospital still is the person is completely suffer from, resource of most community medical health is in unused condition, the community medical health of large area serves an orgnaization to run deficit. Arrive from 2001 in June 2005, the wholesome service center that Guangzhou city whole town sets develops 113 service centers and 94 service station by 29 (dot) , average every 32 thousand often live the dweller has a sanitation to serve an orgnaization. According to investigation, these wholesome service orgnaizations have half above to be in deficit condition, some deficit specified numbers of a year are as high as 500 thousand yuan. Other province city all differs level land is put in similar case. Because the dweller is right degree of belief of community medical health is inferior, community hospital and omnibus large and medium-sized between the hospital two-way turn examine also with anticipate differ very far.
Community " head examine is made " should be a serious illness that community hospital carries on turns large hospital, the rehabilitation after a serious illness turns answer community hospital to make follow-up health, but turn from large hospital actually the patient that come down is very few. 2005, hangzhou city shares 3591 patients to turn to the large hospital of 2 class above from community service station, and turn from large hospital answer community have 298 people only, insufficient 10% . Moreover, because community hospital runs a state not beautiful, the doctor‘s income is less than large hospital, prediction of a person‘s luck in a given year of doctor of community whole family is relatively serious also. In November 2004, zhejiang doctor of 30 of first graduation whole families, be allocated 20 hospitals and service center of 4 community sanitation, only doctor of a few whole families serves in community.
The dimensions that community sanitation serves and service of sanitation of community of policy our country are in start level, the quantitative phase that community sanitation serves orgnaization and community doctor and huge population is far more insufficient than returning. Did not build a community and large hospital between those who have sanction is two-way turn examine system. The measure of active compelling management that governmental sanitation service lacks administration, economy and legal respect to community sanitation service department.
The manpower resource that community sanitation serves and material resources resource are main comprise by personnel of ability of doctor, nurse, cure and administrator. Cure, protect, level of the record of formal schooling of ability personnel, technology is inferior, great majority had not accepted the normal education of whole family medical, they offer individuation for the dweller, omnibus, the ability that successional Medical Protection serves is weaker, cannot very good the credit that wins a dweller. The working requirement that most community sanitation serves an orgnaization is simple, equipment is finite, funds source is not quite adequate, objective upper limit controlled patient go to a doctor and integrated function begin.
Demand of 2. community dweller is challenged to what contemporary community medical health serves
The sanitation that beginning the basis that community sanitation serves is community dweller serves demand. Accordingly, sanitation of deep understanding community serves the change of demand and cause, it is the main base that exploration community sanitation serves innovation mode.
The first, of population aged
Sociologist thinks to reach above population to hold proportion of social total population when 60 years old (namely coefficient of old people mouth) amount to 10 · 0% , this society was entered aged society. Current, our country already was entered aged society. It is with the Fujian Province exemple, 60 years old of 11 · that reach above population to already occupied total population 2% . Old people mouth is the main target that urban community sanitation serves, also be the crowd with the largest demand of service of hygiene of urban medical health. In the meantime, as a result of the characteristic of old people psychology, physiology, its serve the content of demand to also have apparent diagnostic sex. Accordingly, population is aged it is to cause community sanitation to serve supply and dweller sanitation to serve one of main reasons of demand contradiction become acute apparently.
The 2nd, the change of chart of disease chart, cause of death
20 come for years, chart of the disease chart of our country townsman, cause of death had apparent change. With me the province is exemple: 1973~1975 year, before 10 cause of death is ordinal for: Hu of ⑺ of an ancient wine vessel made of horn of carve of calamity of Jian of ⒍ of arm of cake small official rips Tuo discharge to use up ⒛ to circle of of exemplarying ⑾ blocks ⒎ to call arrest of of ⒋ of Min excuse me makes an appointment with arm ⑿ head to whiz arm of of ⑿ law " of hare flatter razor clam sincere? 1986 ~1988 of small official arm year, disease of blood-vessel of malignant tumor, head and heart disease the position of these 3 kinds of diseases rises apparently;1991~1995 year, before 5 cause of death is suitable for blood-vessel of disease of malignant tumor, respiratory system, head disease, injury and toxic with heart disease, and mental sex disease enters the 9th first, and contagious disease is retreated reside the 12nd. What should notice is, the pathogeny of contagious disease is clearer, and relatively onefold. And disease of chronic blame infectivity criterion often the pathogeny is unidentified, for a variety of elements the result of joint action, and these elements involve the many aspects such as society, psychology and biology normally. Be like: Crash in all > ? of condyle of unreal of coerce of razor clam of of the ≡ that make prisoner of war but its happen, development and smoking, drink, tall salt food, pressure of the bad behavior means such as mental insecurity and dietary habit and society, psychology closely related, the characteristic that has apparent individuation (namely: of crash of brilliant mother is quite buccal all sorts of critical factors are in? the action size in process of disease happening, development is different) . The change of chart of disease chart, cause of death, wholesome to community service raised new requirement, the prevention and cure of the disease is the angle from biology goes considering not just, and should offer all sorts of societies to people at the same time, of psychology, biologic and last, omnibus service of individuation.
The 3rd, the change of domestic type
Type of our country family by family of double entry of associated family 〔 , point to reach its children by 2 generation or above couple at least (married or maiden) collective composition 〕 gradually to trunk family (weigh lineal family again, show with its by a pair of couples parents and maiden children are comprised jointly) with core family (weigh little family again, point to reach its by parents maiden children is comprised) change. In modern society, core family type already made main kind gradually. The family of developed country core such as the United States ever was as high as 80% , our country is big, medium the city already also amounted to 40% ~60% . Core family is the inevitable result that social industrialization, city turns, but core family is available lack of domestic natural resources, society natural resources, consequently more the development that relies on society and service industry, the dependence of wholesome to community service also increases apparently, the limits of demand, content produced very big change. More important is, community sanitation serves must from face patient individual and turn to a family, namely base oneself upon serves at beginning hygiene for the unit with the family. .
The 4th, the change of healthy sense
As social development, the idea idea of people also produced tremendous change, among them the change that the most outstanding is healthy sense. WHO is to healthy new definition: ] block call out Mou to knock? of brandish bits arm and the whole state that includes the body, spirit and society to get used to a respect. The change of healthy sense, make people wholesome to community necessarily the service puts forward new, higher demand. People asks to fall ill to receive health not only, and yearn for more not sicken, little sicken. Consequently the society should provide the other and wholesome service outside be being treated except the disease, if precaution, health care, health seeks advice, all-around service such as education.
The 5th, of system of socialist market economy build and perfect stage by stage
20 centuries since 80 time, our country already began to build system of socialist market economy, perfecting stage by stage. Accordingly, in offerring the course that community sanitation serves, the effect of all sorts of market elements is increasingly apparent, the unreasonable configuration of wholesome resource and the low benefit of wasteful, wholesome service are run, the free of resource makes the phenomenon such as in order to and governmental administration interpose lasts impossibly apparently existence. Community sanitation service regards a kind of special commodity as the form, like serving a form as the other community such as homemaking service, government service, of market mechanism introduce, imperative.
The place on put together is narrated, structure of social development, population is aged, chronic the change of idea of health of the trend that year after year of blame infectivity disease rises, people, of the change of habits and customs and behavior means and market economy build and development, broke the sanitation of primary medical health that is in our country to already was executed 50 years completely already to serve supply and dweller sanitation to serve the relative balance between demand to concern. This is the important basis that innovation community sanitation serves mode, also be the motivation of development.
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